[Severe aortic stenosis in asymptomatic patients: the dilemma of clinical versus surgical treatment].

Aortic valve stenosis has become increasingly prevalent, in agreement with the aging of the population. Thus, it has become increasingly common to treat asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis. Although the patients with asymptomatic aortic stenosis belong to the same group, they are heterogeneous from a clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic point of view. The treatment of these patients raises the dilemma of the clinical versus the surgical treatment: should we submit the patient to the risks of surgery or keep the patient under clinical observation, running the risk of irreversible myocardial damage or even sudden death? Under this perspective and based on the current literature, this study supplies tools that help to stratify the patients. The valvular area, degree of calcification, transvalvular aortic flow velocity, left ventricular hypertrophy and stress test alterations are the factors that place asymptomatic individuals with severe aortic stenosis in a group called very-high risk, in which the surgical approach starts to be considered.